Desjeux 1998 reported that the disease occurred in different clinical forms, which ranged from cutaneous selfhealing lesions to a fatal visceralizing form, and also included the metastasizing mucocutaneous and postkalaazar dermal leishmaniasis. It could be concluded that agnps have toxic effects and caution should be taken when they use in food or medical application. Solanum nigrum black nightshade, common nightshade. Hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride ccl4 is used as an experimental model to screen phytochemicals with liver protecting activity.
Pdf in vitro antibacterial activity in the extracts of. The silver nanoparticles synthesized using clitoria ternatea and solanum nigrum leaf extract were optimized by various parameters such as temperature, ph, and time. Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effect of solanum nigrum fruit extract on the experimental model against chronic ethanol toxicity. Integrated approach management of eastern black nightshade. The possible protective effect of solanum nigrum fruit extract snfet was investigated for its antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activity against ethanolinduced toxicity in rats. The experimental animals were intoxicated with 20% ethanol 7. Pdf ripened nightshade berries solanum dulcamara are among.
Solanaceae commonly known as black nightshade that have been extensively used in traditional medicine in india and other parts of world to cure liver disorders, chronic. The species is hermaphrodite has both male and female organs and is pollinated by insects. This native, weedy species was once listed as a countylevel noxious weed and is part of the black nightshade complex, a group of related plants with very similar characteristics. Solanum nigrum l a novel hyperaccumulator for the phyto. Solanum nigrum solanaceae commonly known as makoi or black nightshade, usually grows as a weed in moist habitats in different kinds of soils, including dry, stony, shallow, or deep soils, and can be cultivated in tropical and subtropical agro climatic regions by sowing the seeds during aprilmay in wellfertilized nursery beds. Antinociceptive, antiinflammatory and antipyretic effects of solanum nigrum chloroform extract in animal models. Toxicity assessment of ethanol extract of solanum villosum mill on.
Potent anticancer and antioxidant activities of active ingredients separated from solanum nigrum and cassia italica extracts ahmed m. Comparative physiological responses of solanum nigrum and. Villosum is hairy and retroflexum means bent backwards. Acute toxicity and genotoxic activity of leunca solanum. Commonly, solanum nigrum height is around 30 until 175 cm and it has many branches. Aqueous, ethanol and diethyl ether extract of solanum nigrum was. Hepatoprotective effects of solanum nigrum linn fruits. The most closely related arabidopsis gene of the solanum hma is a heavy metal transportdetoxification domain. Leishmaniasis is a widespread disease caused leishmania parasites which are transmitted by the sandfly. Modulation of hepatotoxicity, dna fragmentation and gene. Solanum americanum, commonly known as american black nightshade, smallflowered nightshade or glossy nightshade is a herbaceous flowering plant of wide though uncertain native range.
The size is reduced initially due to the reduction in aggregation of the growing nanoparticles. Solanum nigrum confers protection against ccl 4 induced. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using solanum. Acute toxicity and genotoxic activity of leunca solanum nigrum l. In this study, an hma gene showed higher expression in s. Weed technology publishes on how weeds are managed, including work on herbicides, weed biology, new control technologies, and reports of new weed issues. The first mention of its generic name comes from pliny the elder at the mention of a plant known as strychnos, probably solanum nigrum.
Results indicated protein content of the leaves and seed as 24. The normal fibroblastic primary cells ref were cultured and used for evaluation the toxicity of s. Phytochemicals from the ethanol berry extract were screened by standard methods. Americanum means of america, nigrum means black, and ptychanthum is from two greek words meaning folded flower. Preliminary phytochemical screening, acute oral toxicity. Click on a scientific name below to expand it in the plants classification report. The certain native range encompasses the tropics and subtropics of the americas, melanesia, new guinea, and australia the plant is widely naturalised around the tropical pacific and indian oceans, including. Effects of solanum nigrum aqueous extract on normal and. The homeopathic medicine, solanum nigrum is best used to treat.
Solanum nigrum leaves and seeds had ash value of 10. The issue of the edibility of black nightshade solanum nigrum came up in the comments on our post on forager pascal baudar. Parts of this plant can be toxic to livestock and humans. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance. Herb ethanolic extract previous studies showed that leunca herb ethanolic extract lhe has cytotoxic activity in several cancer cell lines such as hepg2 and ht29. Solanum nigrum sn is a shrub which is widely distributed throughout india. Nonetheless, ripe berries and cooked leaves of edible strains are used as food in some locales, and plant parts are used as a traditional medicine. Solanum nigrum medicinal uses and images nightshade makoi solanum nigrum also known as black nightshade or makoi h kakamachi is a perennial shrub found in wooded areas. Patterns of wild edible plant usage depend mainly on socioeconomic factors compare to climatic. It is an annual herbaceous plant of 1060 cm high with a green, smooth and semiclimbing stem. The present work discusses the separation and purification of bioactive compounds from the crude ethanolic extracts of cassia italica and solanum nigrum leaves. Figures 3a and 3b show that temperature increased and the rate of silver nanoparticles formation also increased. Solanum nigrum medicinal uses and images nightshademakoi solanum nigrum also known as black nightshade or makoi h kakamachi is a perennial shrub found in wooded areas.
The plant solanum nigrum linn solanaceae fig 1 commonly called as black night. Potent anticancer and antioxidant activities of active. Ic50 value and r 2 value of solanum nigrum on hela cell was 265. Research open access ethnobotanical appraisal and cultural. An illustrated flora of the northern united states, canada and the british possessions. Korean ecotype were exposed to a gradient of cadmium cd concentrations 0, 10, 30, 50, and 80 mg kg. Antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effect of solanum. All parts of the plant except the ripe fruit contain the toxic glycoalkaloid solanine 11 and consumption of unripe fruits can result in toxicity with solaninelike poising. Acute oral toxicity study was conducted as per organisation for economic cooperation and development oecd 425 guidelines while anticonvulsant activity was evaluated against pentylenetetrazole ptz. The acute oral toxicity study was carried out as per the organization for economic cooperation and. But pascal left a link to an excellent article by author and forager sam thayer that puts in the nail in the coffin of the.
The solanum plant family is a diverse group containing both annuals to perennials with everything from vine, subshrub, shrub and even small tree habits. The conclusion that black nightshade berries are not toxic is supported. Phytostabilization and physicochemical responses of korean. Blackberry nightshade solanum nigrum is regarded as an environmental weed in victoria, western australia, new south wales, queensland and the northern territory. Hajercadmium, copper and zinc toxicity effects on growth, proline content and genetic stability of solanum nigrum l.
Journal of nanoscience hindawi publishing corporation. Solanum americanum, solanum nigrum and solanum ptychanthum. It grows in a temperate climate it grows up to one meter. Evaluation of acute toxicity of solanum dubium seeds. The present work is aimed to investigate the toxicity of 120 ld50 of cadmium chloride cdcl2 on male albino rats by oral ingestion and to determine the hepatoprotective effect of solanum nigrum linn sn dried fruits and their ethanolic extract against cdcl2 toxicity using biochemical parameters. However, the physiological mechanisms that are responsible for differential cd accumulation and tolerance between the two solanum species are largely unknown. Anilkumar vs1, dinesh babu kv2, sunukumar ss3 and murugan k3. It is usually impossible to tell from older sources if the plant under discussion would now be classified as s. Culicidae contains several species of major public health relevance due to their role as vectors of human disease.
Black nightshade herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects. Traditionally the plant has been used for curing various ailments related to gastroenterology and hepatology. The results showed a significant p solanum nigrum on hela cell and vero cell were 847. Black nightshade solanum nigrum is edible and delicious. Weve blogged about the confusion between the edible solanum nigrum and the toxic deadly nightshade or atropa belladonna in a post last year. Green unripe fruits contain glycoalkaloids and their eating is a toxic to human being as well. Pdf toxicity of nightshade berries solanum dulcamara in mice. This is a cultivated form of solanum nigrum, that is occasionally grown for its edible fruit and leaves. Toxicity evaluation healthy animals were randomly assigned into five groups and were given the extracts by feeding cannula at the doses of 270 mg, 540 mg, 1080 mg, 2160 mg, 4320 and 8640 body weight. Aboulenein1, faten abu elela1, emad shalaby1 and hany elshemy1 abstract. The zones of inhibitions obtained were recorded and analyzed against standard control streptomycin. The fruit, root, leaves, flowers berry and the entire plant is used as medicine. College of agriculture, anand agricultural university, anand.
It is in flower from july to september, and the seeds ripen from august to october. Some references treat these as synonyms of the same species. Its leaves is located alternate, group and oval with sharp top and base but wavy until flat. Pdf medicinal plants are extensively used to cure various. Solanum information types of solanum plants in the garden.
This group was taken the extract solution of solanum nigrum equivalent dose of 200 mgkg body weight. The height of the plant is 40cm cm and leaves are 48 cm long. To investigate the preliminary phytochemical properties, acute oral toxicity and anticonvulsant activity of the berries of solanum nigrum linn s. Solanum nigrum resulted in severe hepatotoxicity and histological changes, d to mitigate the hazards effect of agnps andor ccl 4. Plants profile for solanum ptycanthum west indian nightshade.
One of these species, aedes aegypti, is responsible for the transmission of some of the most important vectorborne viruses affecting humankind, including dengue fever, chikungunya and zika. Solanum nigrum flower is inflorescence with 2 10 white or violet buds. Of these three, only hairy nightshade is found in the northeastern united states. For more information see the nsw governments web page. Solanum means quieting because some members of the family induce sleep. Sometimes solanum nigrum is confused for the more toxic deadly nightshade, atropa belladonna, in a different. Silicon attenuates cadmium toxicity in solanum nigrum l. The present study was performed to evaluate the hepatoprotective. Solanum nigrum l commonly as black nightshade is a dicot weed in the solanaceae family. Under cadmium cd stress, solanum nigrum accumulated threefold more cd in its leaves and was tolerant to cd, whereas its low cd.
341 681 585 200 542 714 1023 708 1532 1559 1033 190 1564 616 1469 1410 595 1338 382 321 107 442 614 1063 1271 692 537 69 1474 560 291 621 423 1455 643 50